{"id":558,"date":"2019-12-09T08:00:35","date_gmt":"2019-12-09T08:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/?p=558"},"modified":"2022-02-05T13:32:49","modified_gmt":"2022-02-05T13:32:49","slug":"jacinto-benavente-relance-la-commedia-dellarte-au-canada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/jacinto-benavente-relance-la-commedia-dellarte-au-canada\/","title":{"rendered":"Jacinto Benavente relance la Commedia dell\u2019arte au Canada"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Alvina Ruprecht<\/strong><a href=\"#end\" name=\"back\">*<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#c69a9f\"><strong><em>The Bonds of Interest<\/em>, production r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en langue anglaise par l\u2019Odyssey Theatre d\u2019apr\u00e8s une nouvelle traduction de Catherine Boyle et Laurie Steven \u00e0 partir de l\u2019original en espagnol, <em>Los Intereses creados<\/em>, de Jacinto Benavente&nbsp;; mise en sc\u00e8ne de Laurie Steven, costumes Vanessa Imeson, sc\u00e9nographie Barry Podolsky, \u00e9clairage Graham Price, masques Clelia Scala, musique Vanessa Lachance. Dates&nbsp;: Du 26 juillet au 25 ao\u00fbt, 2019 dans le parc Strathcona, Ottawa, Canada.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Les Int\u00e9r\u00eats cr\u00e9\u00e9s<\/em> (<em>Los Intereses\ncreados<\/em>) de Jacinto Benavente, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e \u00e0 Madrid en 1907, furent un choix\njudicieux pour relancer l\u2019Odyssey Theatre, la seule compagnie contemporaine au\nCanada form\u00e9e selon les techniques de la Commedia dell\u2019arte. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la\ncollaboration de la directrice artistique et fondatrice de la troupe Laurie\nSteven, le retour des anciens de cette premi\u00e8re formation et un ensemble de\ncom\u00e9diens professionnels invit\u00e9s, ainsi qu\u2019une artiste qui a repens\u00e9 les\nmasques et une sc\u00e9nographie r\u00e9invent\u00e9e par l\u2019architecte canadien Barry Padolsky,\ncette pi\u00e8ce rarement jou\u00e9e au Canada a permis \u00e0 la troupe de retrouver ses\nmoyens artistiques. Inspir\u00e9e du th\u00e9\u00e2tre baroque espagnol du si\u00e8cle d\u2019or, <em>El\nCaballero de Illescas <\/em>(1620) de Lope de Vega, et d\u2019une nouvelle traduction\nanglaise, l\u2019\u0153uvre a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de types associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la modernit\u00e9,\nainsi que des particularit\u00e9s de la langue anglaise au Canada, sans que le lieu\nsoit clairement identifi\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"703\" data-attachment-id=\"561\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/jacinto-benavente-relance-la-commedia-dellarte-au-canada\/dsc_0267\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0267.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,703\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;5.6&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Picasa&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D3000&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1563559829&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;35&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;200&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.008&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"DSC_0267\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0267-300x264.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0267.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0267.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-561\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0267.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0267-300x264.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0267-768x675.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption> Arlequin (Mitchel Rose&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;masqu\u00e9), Crispin (Ross Mullan&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;masqu\u00e9), El Capitan (Bruce Spinney&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;masqu\u00e9). Crispin rencontre ses camarades escrocs qui se pr\u00e9parent \u00e0 d\u00e9pouiller la famille&nbsp;Polichinela. Photo&nbsp;: Barbara Gray<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Pourtant, le retour aux origines par cette forme d\u2019autod\u00e9rision f\u00e9roce a donn\u00e9 \u00e0 la compagnie une nouvelle impulsion vers la recr\u00e9ation du genre. En insistant sur des rencontres entre le populaire, le bourgeois, le vulgaire et de nombreux types issus de la Commedia, y compris des personnages comiques d\u2019inspiration shakespearienne, le spectacle a pu capter des caract\u00e9ristiques langagi\u00e8res et corporelles de ses origines italiennes pour s\u2019ouvrir vers une libert\u00e9 cr\u00e9atrice, sans perdre la clart\u00e9 stylistique de l\u2019ensemble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En revanche, le\npoint de d\u00e9part, la pi\u00e8ce de Benavente con\u00e7ue en 1907, prend ses distances des\nsources populaires de l\u2019\u00e9poque&nbsp;: la com\u00e9die musicale d\u2019Offenbach, des\ndrames bourgeois et surtout les m\u00e9lodrames de Jos\u00e9 Echegaray, contemporain de\nBenavente. D\u00e8s sa cr\u00e9ation \u00e0 Madrid, les repr\u00e9sentations furent interrompues\npar un public choqu\u00e9 par les d\u00e9formations des types traditionnels de la\nCommedia, la d\u00e9cadence des m\u0153urs, la m\u00e9chancet\u00e9 des personnages et la critique\ncynique des valeurs bourgeoises qui \u00e9voquait cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en ruines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"465\" data-attachment-id=\"560\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/jacinto-benavente-relance-la-commedia-dellarte-au-canada\/dsc_0250\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0250.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,465\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;10&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Picasa&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D3000&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1563558660&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;46&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0025&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"DSC_0250\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0250-300x174.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0250.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0250.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-560\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0250.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0250-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0250-768x446.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption> Senora Polichinela (Nata J.Rose&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;masqu\u00e9), Sylvia (Erin Eldershaw), Dona Sirena (Soo Garay&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;masqu\u00e9e),&nbsp;Senor Polichinela (Scott Maudsley&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;masqu\u00e9). La famille Polichinela toute pimpante, p\u00e9tillante de joie alors qu&#8217;elle se pr\u00e9pare avec Dona Sirena, \u00e0 faire la f\u00eate \u00e0 l&#8217;h\u00f4tel o\u00f9 Sylvia devrait conna\u00eetre son fianc\u00e9. Photo&nbsp;: Barbara Gray<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutefois, les intellectuels de l\u2019\u00e9poque ont compris que ce th\u00e9\u00e2tre masquait les probl\u00e8mes provoqu\u00e9s par la Guerre hispano-am\u00e9ricaine (1895-98) qui avait saign\u00e9 le pays, laissant les colonies am\u00e9ricaines en ruine \u00e0 Cuba et Puerto Rico, tout en cr\u00e9ant une satire f\u00e9roce de l\u2019\u00e9tat lamentable du pays vid\u00e9 \u00e9conomiquement par ses d\u00e9faites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Benavente\npr\u00e9parait le terrain d\u2019une modernit\u00e9 capable de cerner une vision critique face\naux nouvelles r\u00e9alit\u00e9s sociopolitiques&nbsp;; voil\u00e0 o\u00f9 se situe la grande\nactualit\u00e9 de cette \u0153uvre tellement bien exploit\u00e9e par la troupe canadienne.\nGr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019\u0153uvre de Benavente, les masques ont assum\u00e9 de nouvelles\nsignifications, les conflits ont ouvert la voie vers un fond critique plus\nagressif, correspondant parfaitement aux nouvelles sources de jeu corporel de\nla fin du si\u00e8cle qui \u00e9mergeaient sur la sc\u00e8ne europ\u00e9enne. \u00c0 cette m\u00eame \u00e9poque,\nMeyerhold s\u2019int\u00e9ressait \u00e0 l\u2019influence du cin\u00e9ma muet et \u00e0 la formation physique\ndes athl\u00e8tes sur le jeu&nbsp;; le symbolisme\navait d\u00e9j\u00e0 attir\u00e9 l\u2019attention sur l\u2019acteur d\u00e9naturalis\u00e9, soit le danseur et le\nmime. Le modernisme avait laiss\u00e9 ses traces sur la sc\u00e8ne en transformant le\ndrame bourgeois en confrontation critique et nous rep\u00e9rons ces traces lors du\nlong monologue, en guise de prologue, livr\u00e9 par Crispin, le protagoniste\nprincipal d\u00e9guis\u00e9 en valet, \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de son partenaire Leandro, v\u00eatu en noble\nd\u00e9chu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" data-attachment-id=\"559\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/jacinto-benavente-relance-la-commedia-dellarte-au-canada\/dsc_0237\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"800,550\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;10&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Picasa&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D3000&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1563558530&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;50&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.0025&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"DSC_0237\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237-300x206.jpg\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-559\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237-768x528.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237-130x90.jpg 130w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>Sylvia (Erin Eldershaw) et son p\u00e8re Senor Polichinela (Scott Maudsley&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;masqu\u00e9). Senor Polichinela f\u00e9licite sa belle-fille Sylvia et lui assure un bel avenir avec un Monsieur tr\u00e8s riche&nbsp;! Puisqu&#8217;elle n&#8217;est pas masqu\u00e9e, elle d\u00e9voile ses vrais sentiments. Photo&nbsp;: Barbara Gray<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Voici le couple frondeur du tournant du si\u00e8cle qui incarne l\u2019hypocrisie d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 en pleine d\u00e9bandade. Ces deux escrocs cherchent une solution pour que leur s\u00e9jour \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4tel \u00e9l\u00e9gant soit pay\u00e9 par les familles richissimes, alors que les deux arnaqueurs organisent une f\u00eate avec l\u2019appui de Dona Sir\u00e9na pour que les \u00e9poux Polichinela am\u00e8nent leur fille Sylvia \u00e0 la f\u00eate afin qu\u2019elle rencontre un riche pr\u00e9tendant et qu\u2019elle se marie comme il le faut. Sirena sera r\u00e9compens\u00e9e et tous ces voleurs partiront avec une portion des richesses familiales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutefois, voil\u00e0 que Leandro tombe amoureux de la belle Sylvia, ce qui oblige ce comp\u00e8re de Crispin \u00e0 sacrifier les int\u00e9r\u00eats d\u2019argent pour les int\u00e9r\u00eats de l\u2019amour, une situation extr\u00eamement f\u00e2cheuse. Apr\u00e8s une suite de mises en sc\u00e8ne chaotiques, des moments qui nous plongent dans la farce la plus absolue, tout semble se clarifier. Il est certain qu\u2019une telle \u0153uvre comporte des probl\u00e8mes en puissance quant \u00e0 la forme dramaturgique, puisque le prologue, surtout, est rempli de longues r\u00e9flexions sur le comportement humain, sur la justice sociale, sur la moralit\u00e9, une forme d\u2019exposition bien th\u00e9orique et bavarde qui risquerait de ralentir l\u2019orientation corporelle de l\u2019ensemble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Heureusement, cela\nn\u2019\u00e9tait pas le cas. Pour \u00e9viter ces \u00e9cueils, l\u2019\u0153uvre vise davantage le travail\nmasqu\u00e9. Alors que la soir\u00e9e \u00e9volue, les masques identifient clairement les\nnouvelles caract\u00e9ristiques de chaque commedia type et la magie du travail\nsc\u00e9nique finit par dominer la soir\u00e9e en faisant appara\u00eetre de nouvelles\nstrat\u00e9gies de performances. Les types traditionnels se transforment en\nminables. Arlequin, le po\u00e8te d\u00e9lirant, devient un hyperactif coiff\u00e9 d\u2019une\nperruque blonde \u00e9tincelante afin d\u2019accaparer toute l\u2019attention de la belle\nfemme, mais d\u2019une mani\u00e8re tout \u00e0 fait d\u00e9concertante. Le \u00ab&nbsp;Capitan&nbsp;\u00bb,\nencore un type traditionnel de la Commedia, se transforme en figure de zombie\ndont le masque porte les marques de cette cr\u00e9ature aux yeux sombres et\nprofond\u00e9ment inqui\u00e9tants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le plus cruel de\ntous ces divertissements est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par l\u2019arriv\u00e9e du couple Polichinela\navec sa fille Sylvia. La famille Polichinela ne se rend nullement compte\nqu\u2019elle est l\u2019objet d\u2019une arnaque visant le mariage arrang\u00e9 avec le faux noble,\npour soutirer sa fortune personnelle. Cette parodie des valeurs bourgeoises, o\u00f9\nles parents se laissent manipuler par des escrocs afin d\u2019assurer le mariage\nqu\u2019ils souhaitent pour leur fille, est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e par des costumes criards,\ndes masques grotesques et un ensemble de signes qui s\u2019accumulent d\u00e8s leur\napparition sur sc\u00e8ne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La m\u00e8re\nPolichinela (Neta J. Rose) en robe tr\u00e8s moulue, d\u00e9cor\u00e9e de paillettes\n\u00e9tincelantes, coiff\u00e9e d\u2019une \u00e9norme perruque violette qui lui recouvre tout le\ndos et la transforme en femme de m\u0153urs l\u00e9g\u00e8res, est en train de caresser son\ngangster de mari, dont l\u2019\u00e9norme bedaine \u00e9voque un train de vie malsain et\nd\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9, qui va bient\u00f4t provoquer l\u2019effondrement de son corps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuite, nous\nsommes frapp\u00e9s par le g\u00e9rant de l\u2019h\u00f4tel qui rampe devant Crispin et Leandro,\nces faux riches, en croyant qu\u2019ils vont lui remplir les coffres sans savoir que\nce ne sont que des sc\u00e9l\u00e9rats et des menteurs. Tout le monde trompe tout le\nmonde, surtout pendant un dernier moment d\u2019une violence folle qui d\u00e9molit toute\nla cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me judiciaire lors d\u2019un proc\u00e8s o\u00f9 le procureur de l\u2019\u00c9tat\naux longs cheveux gras et sales (clin d\u2019\u0153il m\u00e9chant \u00e0 Moli\u00e8re) tente de\nrappeler tous les t\u00e9moins \u00e0 l\u2019ordre, mais on l\u2019\u00e9coute \u00e0 peine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Et voil\u00e0 que la\nmagie dissipe la folie cruelle \u00e0 la derni\u00e8re minute en produisant un coucher de\nsoleil spectaculaire, mettant en relief les formes urbaines (gratte-ciel,\nterrasses). L\u2019ensemble du lieu, tours et arbustes, brille \u00e0 la lueur d\u2019une lune\nextraordinaire. Le monde de Benavente, revu par les artistes canadiens, fond\nsous les \u00e9clairages modernistes de Graham Price qui coupent le souffle, et cette\nCommedia cauchemardesque prend fin.<a name=\"end\">&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"142\" data-attachment-id=\"562\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/jacinto-benavente-relance-la-commedia-dellarte-au-canada\/alvina-ruprecht\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/alvina-ruprecht.png\" data-orig-size=\"150,142\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"alvina ruprecht\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/alvina-ruprecht.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/alvina-ruprecht.png\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/alvina-ruprecht.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-562 alignnone\">\n\n\n\n<p><a name=\"end\" href=\"#back\">*<\/a><strong>Alvina Ruprecht<\/strong>, professeure \u00e9m\u00e9rite de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Carleton (Canada), est actuellement professeure adjointe \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Ottawa. Critique de th\u00e9\u00e2tre \u00e0 la Radio nationale du Canada pendant trente ans, elle est membre fondatrice de la Section r\u00e9gionale des critiques de th\u00e9\u00e2tre de la Cara\u00efbe de l\u2019AICT. Son dernier livre s\u2019intitule <em>Les Th\u00e9\u00e2tres francophones du Pacifique-Sud <\/em>(\u00c9ditions Karthala). \u00c0 part ses recherches et ses nombreuses publications universitaires, elle contribue \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents sites de critique th\u00e9\u00e2trale \u00e0 travers le monde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\">Copyright <strong>\u00a9<\/strong> 2019 Alvina Ruprecht<br><em>Critical Stages\/Sc\u00e8nes critiques<\/em> e-ISSN: 2409-7411<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/88x31.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons Attribution International License\"\/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\">This work is licensed under the<br>Creative Commons Attribution International License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-performance-reviews"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/DSC_0237.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":706,"url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/ariadnes-stage-metamorphosis-in-buenos-aires\/","url_meta":{"origin":558,"position":0},"title":"Ariadne\u2019s Stage Metamorphosis in Buenos Aires","author":"Alvina Ruprecht","date":"December 9, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Halima Tahan* Ariadne auf Naxos by Richard Strauss. Creation Date: 26 July 2019, at Teatro Col\u00f3n, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Orquestra Estable del Teatro Col\u00f3n. Musical Director: Alejo P\u00e9rez. Stage Director: Marcelo Lombardero. Stage designer: Diego Siliano. Costume design: Luciana Gutman. Prima Donna and Ariadna: Carla Filipcic Holm. Tenor and Baco:\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Performance Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Performance Reviews","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/category\/performance-reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/PHOTO-2.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/PHOTO-2.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/PHOTO-2.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/PHOTO-2.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":534,"url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/theatre-at-the-crossroads-trends-and-challenges-of-georgian-theatre-today\/","url_meta":{"origin":558,"position":1},"title":"Theatre at the Crossroads:  Trends and Challenges of Georgian Theatre Today","author":"Alvina Ruprecht","date":"December 3, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Natalia Tvaltchrelidze* Abstract The paper overviews recent tendencies in the theatre life in Georgia. In particular, it presents the latest statistical data and audience research on theatre; it discusses theatre festival life in Georgia and the latest trends in the productions of young directors in the country.Keywords: Georgia, theatre, festivals,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;National Reports&quot;","block_context":{"text":"National Reports","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/category\/national-reports\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image5-3.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image5-3.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image5-3.jpeg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image5-3.jpeg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":405,"url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/contre-le-theatre-politique\/","url_meta":{"origin":558,"position":2},"title":"Contre le th\u00e9\u00e2tre politique","author":"Alvina Ruprecht","date":"November 14, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Essai d\u2019 Olivier Neveux314 pp. Paris: La Fabrique par Selim Lander* Je ne cherche pas \u00e0 fourguer de l\u2019espoir\u00a0: je ne suis pas un dealer. \u2013 Heiner M\u00fcller L\u2019auteur a choisi un titre pour le moins d\u00e9routant pour un essai qui s\u2019efforce tout au contraire de sauver le th\u00e9\u00e2tre politique.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Book Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Book Reviews","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/category\/book-reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/11\/Photo-Selim-Lander-comp-238x300-150x150.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":728,"url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/theatre-in-malta-amateur-practice-and-professional-aspirations\/","url_meta":{"origin":558,"position":3},"title":"Theatre in Malta: Amateur Practice and Professional Aspirations","author":"Alvina Ruprecht","date":"December 16, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Vicki Ann Cremona* Abstract This article provides a general outline of theatre in Malta where the small size of the archipelago (316m2) makes it difficult to develop professional theatre. It evaluates the issues theatre faces when confronted by political constraints that affect cultural policies and outlooks. It looks at the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;National Reports&quot;","block_context":{"text":"National Reports","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/category\/national-reports\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image7-3.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image7-3.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image7-3.jpeg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image7-3.jpeg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":499,"url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/criticism-on-the-critical-list-just-a-canadian-issue\/","url_meta":{"origin":558,"position":4},"title":"Criticism on the Critical List: Just a Canadian Issue?","author":"Alvina Ruprecht","date":"December 14, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Robin Breon* and Don Rubin** The face of arts journalism is changing again\u2015and not for the better \u2015at least in Canada. Is it changing in other countries as well? In the last two to three years, major theatres and major festivals across the country have begun to cut back on\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Critics on Criticism&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Critics on Criticism","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/category\/critics-on-criticism\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image12-1.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image12-1.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image12-1.jpeg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/image12-1.jpeg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":574,"url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/all-puppets-large-and-small-in-quebec-and-the-czech-republic\/","url_meta":{"origin":558,"position":5},"title":"All Puppets, Large and Small\u2014in Qu\u00e9bec and the Czech Republic","author":"Alvina Ruprecht","date":"December 8, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Mark Brown* FIAMS, Saguenay, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada, 23\u201328 July, 2019.One Flew Over the Puppeteer\u2019s Nest Festival, Prague, Czech Republic, 31 October to 3 November 2019. As was excellently attested in the Special Topic of the previous (19th) edition of Critical Stages, the art of puppetry is ancient, diverse and global. However,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Performance Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Performance Reviews","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/category\/performance-reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/Photo-3-PER-puppetmark-Fig-3.-Smallest-of-the-Sami.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/Photo-3-PER-puppetmark-Fig-3.-Smallest-of-the-Sami.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/Photo-3-PER-puppetmark-Fig-3.-Smallest-of-the-Sami.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/21\/2019\/12\/Photo-3-PER-puppetmark-Fig-3.-Smallest-of-the-Sami.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=558"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/558\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1204,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/558\/revisions\/1204"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/559"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/20\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}