{"id":70,"date":"2017-03-11T14:56:28","date_gmt":"2017-03-11T14:56:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/?page_id=70"},"modified":"2017-06-29T17:29:07","modified_gmt":"2017-06-29T17:29:07","slug":"special-topic","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/special-topic\/","title":{"rendered":"Special Topic: Contemporary African Drama and Theatre"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Guest Editors:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Femi Osofisan*<\/strong><em>, Professor Emeritus, University of Ibadan (Nigeria)<br \/>\n<\/em><strong>Tejumola Olaniyan**<\/strong><em>, Louise Durham Mead Professor of English &amp; African Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison (USA)<br \/>\n<\/em><strong>Don Rubin***<\/strong><em>, Professor, York University, Toronto (Canada)<\/em><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table style=\"width: 700px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px;\">\n<tbody style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: top; padding: 0px;\">\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_549\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-549\" style=\"width: 165px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"549\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/special-topic\/osofisan\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/03\/osofisan.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"247,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"osofisan\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/03\/osofisan.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-549\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/03\/osofisan-247x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"165\" height=\"200\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-549\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Femi Osofisan<br \/>(Nigeria)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: top; padding: 0px;\">\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_548\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-548\" style=\"width: 167px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"548\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/special-topic\/olaniyan_full\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/03\/olaniyan_full.jpeg\" data-orig-size=\"250,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;Picasa&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 7D&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1340637915&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;56&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;2000&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.025&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"olaniyan_full\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/03\/olaniyan_full.jpeg\" class=\"wp-image-548\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/03\/olaniyan_full-250x300.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"167\" height=\"200\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-548\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tejumola Olaniyan<br \/>(USA)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: top; padding: 0px;\">\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_405\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-405\" style=\"width: 133px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"405\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/african-theatre-in-a-global-context1\/don-rubin\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Don-Rubin-.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"200,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Don-Rubin-\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Don-Rubin-.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Don-Rubin--200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"133\" height=\"200\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-405\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don Rubin<br \/>(Canada)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>This issue of <em>Critical Stages<\/em> focuses on theatre in Africa and offers readers a dozen articles from both noted and emerging scholars all clearly attesting to the continent&#8217;s enormous theatrical richness. For those coming into contact with African theatre and drama for the first time, we are including updated versions of four previously published essays which introduce African theatre generally by contextualizing the field globally and historically as well as tracing the colonial roots of its major Anglophone and Francophone incarnations.<\/p>\n<p>Our material then moves from the macro to the micro, from the continent as a whole to specific issues in specific countries exploring, in four different essays, production in urban South Africa, Nigerian female playwrights and language in the work of Africa&#8217;s Nobel Prize-winning playwright, Wole Soyinka.<\/p>\n<p>We conclude with three theatre pieces exploring sociological contexts with essays on a particularly important female dramatist from Egypt (Nawal El Saadawi) and two studies of recent Theatre for Development projects, one in Malawi and another in Uganda. The latter piece, it should be noted, was co-written for us by the distinguished British scholar Jane Plastow from Leeds University\u2014a major international centre of African theatre scholarship. Prof. Plastow has edited numerous volumes on African drama and theatre herself and in this unusual essay relating to theatre and its role in combating environmental change embeds herself in a project involving ongoing research in Uganda, China and the UK.<\/p>\n<p>Our goal here is certainly not to provide either the first or the last word on African theatre and drama. Rather, it is our modest attempt to explore a few of the many areas of research that have been done, that are being done and that remain to be done in this fascinating part of the world. If it provokes further exploration, if it stimulates writers and scholars to dip their own toes into the subject, it will have achieved its goal.<\/p>\n<p>We offer our thanks for this opportunity to <em>CS <\/em>Editor Savas Patsalidis and his international Editorial Board which first proposed an exploration of African theatre in this context. We thank the many writers from Africa and abroad (including the many graduate students now working in the field) who responded to our editorial call with offers of material. We finally thank you, the readers of <em>Critical Stages, <\/em>who seem willing to explore with us in this special issue and we hope you will make African theatre hereafter a regular\u2014and not an exotic\u2014stop on your intellectual travels in the years to come.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>*<strong>Femi Osofisan<\/strong> (<em>aka<\/em> Okinba Launko) from Nigeria wears many caps\u2014as activist playwright, poet, novelist, journalist, actor, director, company manager, song writer, editor, etc. He was educated at Ibadan, Dakar and Paris, and after several years of teaching both at home and abroad, is currently Emeritus Professor at the University of Ibadan, Distinguished Professor of Performing Arts at the Kwara State University, Malete, Ilorin, as well as Advisory Board Member of the International Research Centre (\u2018Interweaving Performance Cultures\u2019), Freire Universitat, in Berlin. He is the most recent, and first African, winner of the prestigious Thalia Prize.<\/p>\n<p><strong>**Tejumola Olaniyan<\/strong> is Louise Durham Mead Professor of English and African Cultural Studies at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He has written widely on theatre, literature, music, political cartoons, film, architecture, and the state. Among his authored or edited books are <em>Arrest the Music! Fela and His Rebel Art and Politics<\/em><em> and Scars of Conquest\/Masks of Resistance: The Invention of Cultural Identities in African, African American and Caribbean Drama<\/em><em>. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>***Don Rubin<\/strong> is Editor of the six-volume <em>World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre<\/em>. He is a Professor of Theatre at York University in Toronto and Founding Director and Former Chair of both York\u2019s Department of Theatre and its Graduate Program in Theatre Studies.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-wrapper\"><div class=\"pt-cv-view pt-cv-grid pt-cv-colsys\" id=\"pt-cv-view-7603484qct\"><div data-id=\"pt-cv-page-1\" class=\"pt-cv-page\" data-cvc=\"2\"><div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/african-theatre-in-a-global-context1\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-300x228.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-768x584.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured.jpg 791w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"409\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/african-theatre-in-a-global-context1\/featured\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"791,601\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"featured\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/african-theatre-in-a-global-context1\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >African Theatre in a Global Context<sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-don-rubin\/' title='by Don Rubin' class='pt-cv-tax-by-don-rubin'>by Don Rubin<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/anglophone-africa-looking-back-the-beginnings-of-the-modern\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"189\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/4.-kenya-national-theatre-300x189.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/4.-kenya-national-theatre-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/4.-kenya-national-theatre.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"457\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/anglophone-africa-looking-back-the-beginnings-of-the-modern\/4-kenya-national-theatre\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/4.-kenya-national-theatre.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"600,378\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"4. kenya-national-theatre\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;The Kenyan National Theatre in Nairobi&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/4.-kenya-national-theatre.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/anglophone-africa-looking-back-the-beginnings-of-the-modern\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >Anglophone Africa\u2014Looking Back: The Beginnings of the Modern<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-hansel-ndumbe-eyoh\/' title='by Hansel Ndumbe Eyoh' class='pt-cv-tax-by-hansel-ndumbe-eyoh'>by Hansel Ndumbe Eyoh<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/the-roots-of-african-theatre-ritual-and-orality-in-the-pre-colonial-period\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/9_-300x214.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/9_-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/9_.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"489\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/the-roots-of-african-theatre-ritual-and-orality-in-the-pre-colonial-period\/ivory-coast-girls-wear-ritual-dance-headdresses\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/9_.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"640,456\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;\\u00a9 Charles \\u0026amp; Josette Lenars\/CORBIS&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;ca. 1975-1995, C\\u00f4te d&#039;Ivoire --- Girls wear face paint and a ritual headdress during the performance of a traditional dance drama. Pays Yacouba, Ivory Coast. | Location: Pays Yacouba, Ivory Coast.  --- Image by \\u00a9 Charles \\u0026amp; Josette Lenars\/CORBIS&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;\\u00a9 Corbis.  All Rights Reserved.&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Ivory Coast Girls Wear Ritual Dance Headdresses&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Ivory Coast Girls Wear Ritual Dance Headdresses\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/9_.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/the-roots-of-african-theatre-ritual-and-orality-in-the-pre-colonial-period\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >The Roots of African Theatre Ritual and Orality in the Pre-Colonial Period<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-ousmane-diakhate-and-hansel-ndumbe-eyoh\/' title='by Ousmane Diakhat\u00e9 and Hansel Ndumbe Eyoh' class='pt-cv-tax-by-ousmane-diakhate-and-hansel-ndumbe-eyoh'>by Ousmane Diakhat\u00e9 and Hansel Ndumbe Eyoh<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/french-language-theatre-in-africa-connecting-to-the-francophonie\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-1-300x225.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-1.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"1332\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/french-language-theatre-in-africa-connecting-to-the-francophonie\/featured-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"480,360\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"featured\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/featured-1.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/french-language-theatre-in-africa-connecting-to-the-francophonie\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >French Language Theatre in Africa: Connecting to the Francophonie<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-ousmane-diakhate\/' title='by Ousmane Diakhat\u00e9' class='pt-cv-tax-by-ousmane-diakhate'>by Ousmane Diakhat\u00e9<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/south-africa-theatre-lost-performance-found\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"214\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Pic2-300x214.png\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Pic2-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Pic2-768x547.png 768w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Pic2.png 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"1077\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/south-africa-theatre-lost-performance-found\/pic2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Pic2.png\" data-orig-size=\"800,570\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Pic2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Pic2.png\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/south-africa-theatre-lost-performance-found\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >South Africa\u2014Theatre Lost, Performance Found?<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-loren-kruger\/' title='by Loren Kruger' class='pt-cv-tax-by-loren-kruger'>by Loren Kruger<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/south-africa-towards-collective-action-improvised-performance-jozi-style\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Figure-20-300x211.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Figure-20-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Figure-20.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"698\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/south-africa-towards-collective-action-improvised-performance-jozi-style\/figure-20\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Figure-20.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"700,493\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Figure 20\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Jovan Muthray and Nyakallo Motaung as Creon and Antigone in rehearsal (left). The ensemble in performance, POPArt: Theatre, Johannesburg (right)&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/05\/Figure-20.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/south-africa-towards-collective-action-improvised-performance-jozi-style\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >South Africa\u2014Towards Collective Action: Improvised Performance Jozi Style<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-sarah-roberts-and-kieran-reid\/' title='by Sarah Roberts and Kieran Reid' class='pt-cv-tax-by-sarah-roberts-and-kieran-reid'>by Sarah Roberts and Kieran Reid<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/nigeria-revisiting-language-in-two-wole-soyinka-plays\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"231\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/10-a-dance-of-the-forests-what-pakistan-can-learn-from-nigerian-playwright-soyinka-s-patriotic-play-1476389910-2704-300x231.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/10-a-dance-of-the-forests-what-pakistan-can-learn-from-nigerian-playwright-soyinka-s-patriotic-play-1476389910-2704-300x231.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/10-a-dance-of-the-forests-what-pakistan-can-learn-from-nigerian-playwright-soyinka-s-patriotic-play-1476389910-2704.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"740\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/nigeria-revisiting-language-in-two-wole-soyinka-plays\/10-a-dance-of-the-forests-what-pakistan-can-learn-from-nigerian-playwright-soyinka-s-patriotic-play-1476389910-2704\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/10-a-dance-of-the-forests-what-pakistan-can-learn-from-nigerian-playwright-soyinka-s-patriotic-play-1476389910-2704.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"700,539\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"10 a-dance-of-the-forests-what-pakistan-can-learn-from-nigerian-playwright-soyinka-s-patriotic-play-1476389910-2704\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A Dance of the Forests&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/10-a-dance-of-the-forests-what-pakistan-can-learn-from-nigerian-playwright-soyinka-s-patriotic-play-1476389910-2704.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/nigeria-revisiting-language-in-two-wole-soyinka-plays\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >Nigeria\u2014Revisiting Language in Two Wole Soyinka Plays<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-dele-layiwola\/' title='by Dele Layiwola' class='pt-cv-tax-by-dele-layiwola'>by Dele Layiwola<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/uganda-from-research-to-activism-theatre-and-anthropology-in-walukuba\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/Photo-3-y-300x225.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/Photo-3-y-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/Photo-3-y.jpg 700w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"780\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/uganda-from-research-to-activism-theatre-and-anthropology-in-walukuba\/photo-3-y\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/Photo-3-y.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"700,525\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1459346248&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;32&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00068306010928962&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Photo 3 y\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/Photo-3-y.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/uganda-from-research-to-activism-theatre-and-anthropology-in-walukuba\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >Uganda\u2014From Research to Activism: Theatre and Anthropology in Walukuba<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-katie-mcquaid-and-jane-plastow\/' title='by Katie McQuaid and Jane Plastow' class='pt-cv-tax-by-katie-mcquaid-and-jane-plastow'>by Katie McQuaid and Jane Plastow<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/nigeria-the-challenge-of-and-for-the-female-playwright\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2-wedlock-of-the-gods-01b-e1498380198237-300x224.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2-wedlock-of-the-gods-01b-e1498380198237-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2-wedlock-of-the-gods-01b-e1498380198237.jpg 369w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"847\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/nigeria-the-challenge-of-and-for-the-female-playwright\/2-wedlock-of-the-gods-01b\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2-wedlock-of-the-gods-01b-e1498380198237.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"369,275\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2 wedlock-of-the-gods-01b\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2-wedlock-of-the-gods-01b-e1498380198237.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/nigeria-the-challenge-of-and-for-the-female-playwright\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >Nigeria\u2014The Challenge of (and for) the Female Playwright<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-onyeka-iwuchukwu\/' title='by Onyeka Iwuchukwu' class='pt-cv-tax-by-onyeka-iwuchukwu'>by Onyeka Iwuchukwu<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/malawi-theatre-history-theatre-for-development\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"223\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/141541b-300x223.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/141541b-300x223.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/141541b.jpg 303w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"881\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/malawi-theatre-history-theatre-for-development\/141541b\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/141541b.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"303,225\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"141541b\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/141541b.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/malawi-theatre-history-theatre-for-development\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >In Search of Theatre for Development in Malawi: a Modern History<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-zindaba-chisiza\/' title='by Zindaba Chisiza' class='pt-cv-tax-by-zindaba-chisiza'>by Zindaba Chisiza<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" ><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/egypt-subversive-theology-in-nawal-el-saadawis-quest-for-justice\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default\" target=\"_self\" ><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2.-Nawal-El-Saadawi-001-300x210.jpg\" class=\"pt-cv-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2.-Nawal-El-Saadawi-001-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2.-Nawal-El-Saadawi-001.jpg 394w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-attachment-id=\"928\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/egypt-subversive-theology-in-nawal-el-saadawis-quest-for-justice\/2-nawal-el-saadawi-001\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2.-Nawal-El-Saadawi-001.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"394,276\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2. Nawal-El-Saadawi-001\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/16\/2017\/06\/2.-Nawal-El-Saadawi-001.jpg\" \/><\/a>\n<p class=\"pt-cv-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/egypt-subversive-theology-in-nawal-el-saadawis-quest-for-justice\/\" class=\"_self\" target=\"_self\" >Egypt\u2014Subversive Theology in Nawal El Saadawi\u2019s Quest for Justice<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pt-cv-meta-fields\"><span class=\"terms\"> <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/tag\/by-omolola-a-ladele\/' title='by Omolola A. Ladele' class='pt-cv-tax-by-omolola-a-ladele'>by Omolola A. Ladele<\/a>, <a href='https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/category\/special-topic\/' title='Special Topic' class='pt-cv-tax-special-topic'>Special Topic<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Guest Editors: Femi Osofisan*, Professor Emeritus, University of Ibadan (Nigeria) Tejumola Olaniyan**, Louise Durham Mead Professor of English &amp; African Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison (USA) Don Rubin***, Professor, York University, Toronto (Canada) This issue of Critical Stages focuses on theatre<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-70","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","","tg-column-two"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P8ugAy-18","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/70","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/70\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/15\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}