{"id":78,"date":"2015-12-21T19:06:31","date_gmt":"2015-12-21T19:06:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cs2.enl.auth.gr\/12\/?p=78"},"modified":"2023-03-01T16:53:19","modified_gmt":"2023-03-01T16:53:19","slug":"international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/","title":{"rendered":"International and In-Home Theatre: New Audiences, New Spaces"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Interview with <strong>Paul Heller<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">by <strong>Lissa Tyler Renaud<\/strong><a href=\"#end1\">*<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"237\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/heller2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/HELLER2.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"171,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"HELLER2\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/HELLER2.jpg\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-237\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/HELLER2.jpg\" alt=\"HELLER2\" width=\"171\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Clearly, the dictum \u201cwrite what you know\u201d has made no impression on San Francisco playwright Paul Heller. He seems to be magnetized by everything unfamiliar. He writes plays about cultures he doesn\u2019t know, and works with people whose language he doesn\u2019t share. The subjects of his plays encompass Aztec stories, an explorer\u2019s letters, Russian samizdat poetry, Catholic mysticism, and criminality; his plays\u2019 concerns include a woman\u2019s trauma, gay attraction, and the orphans of Mexican drug dealers. He\u2019s written works for puppeteers, dancers, slam poets, and musicians. With this impressive reach in his work, it is no surprise that it appeals to a refreshingly unusual mix of audience members.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s a 2010 interview with Heller and colleagues about his play, <em>Beijing, California<\/em>. Heller received coveted and prestigious grants for the play\u2014as he has for other plays\u2014and a warm welcome from the Asian American Theater Company, which gave the play its premiere production.<\/p>\n<div class=\"jetpack-video-wrapper\"><span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"youtube-player\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3jvAShZjUHM?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;fs=1&#038;hl=en-US&#038;autohide=2&#038;wmode=transparent\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border:0;\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts allow-same-origin allow-popups allow-presentation allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox\"><\/iframe><\/span><\/div>\n<p>It also makes sense that Heller\u2019s work has ended up in unusual spaces. His latest project, <em>Wolves<\/em>, is performed in the living rooms of private homes. Learning that the elderly and disabled have difficulty coming to the theatre, he took matters into his own hands and developed a play with two characters that could come to them. It&#8217;s very striking that he&#8217;s attracted a mix of sophisticated and new viewers to attend these performances: as the piece moves from house to house\u2014fourteen so far, in different cities\u2014Heller gathers a devoted following for his work. He offers practical advice for others interested in creating In-Home theatre <a href=\"http:\/\/howlround.com\/wolves-at-your-door-producing-intimate-theatre-in-intimate-spaces?utm_source=HowlRound.com%27s+Email+Communications&amp;utm_campaign=9afa043f6c-DAILY_RSS_EMAIL&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_9ac5709e38-9afa043f6c-45170329\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Your plays involve unusual relationships with your directors.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I write two forms of plays: political, linear epics with international casts, and intimate pieces that literally happen to the audience.<\/p>\n<p>My large-scale, political plays stem from my experiences working in the Caribbean, Central and South America, and Europe. My plots drop audiences into the same stew of language, culture and ethical dilemmas that I encountered abroad. I make audiences watch North American characters try to deal with people they don\u2019t understand. For example, an American teacher ignores that her pupils are used to being told what their learning means\u2014she insists on asking them open-ended questions. As a result, the children don\u2019t view her as a teacher, and the teacher finds the children unreachable. In short, I want my plays to reveal how other countries see us.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_424\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-424\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"424\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/a-beijing1-1024x681\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/A-Beijing1-1024x681.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1024,681\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"A-Beijing1-1024&amp;#215;681\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Jennifer Vo (Assistant) and Garth Petal (President) in Beijing, California, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen.Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/A-Beijing1-1024x681-1024x681.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-424\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/A-Beijing1-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"Jennifer Vo (Assistant) and Garth Petal (President) in Beijing, California, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen.Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/A-Beijing1-1024x681.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/A-Beijing1-1024x681-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/A-Beijing1-1024x681-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-424\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jennifer Vo (Assistant) and Garth Petal (President) in <em>Beijing, California<\/em>, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen.Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But as a North American writer, I can only construct half the story. For this reason, I collaborate with directors from other countries who can teach me what it\u2019s like for them to deal with North Americans, especially when wealth and power are at stake. Over the years, I\u2019ve collaborated with directors from Vietnam, the Philippines, China, Korea and Mexico. Before I write the play, they tell me about their personal experiences, for weeks and sometimes months. This way, as I compose, I learn what my non-American characters might say and do. This preliminary work ensures that once the director and I take the scenes into workshops, we are already on the same page.<\/p>\n<p>It takes a lot of patience on both our parts and a long time commitment, but the results, for me, are plays that I could never have written out of my own imagination or experience. For the directors, our work tells stories they are excited to tell.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>How is that relationship different for your smaller plays\u2014when you haven\u2019t collaborated on the play with the director?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>My intimate pieces are another story. My plays borrow from a lot of informal theatre I saw living abroad: Bahamian Junkanoo (a kind of winter Carnival), Mexican Negrito and Gachup\u00edn dances; folk tales and myths I heard told and acted in tiny villages in the mountains of Puebo\u2014and also just from listening to stories and gossip in Spanish, Italian, German, and even Nahauatl (with help from a translator). I\u2019m also highly influenced by work I\u2019ve seen or participated in\u2014by England\u2019s Forced Entertainment Company, Serbia\u2019s Dah Theatre, Mexico City\u2019s Se\u00f1ya y Verbo Theater of the Deaf, and San Francisco\u2019s Mugwumpin (a devised theatre ensemble). My plays are based on these building blocks, but they don\u2019t yield scenes with a typical construction, or even with logical connections between the lines to be spoken. Directors might ask how some of the ideas transition from one line in the text to the next.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_224\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-224\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"224\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/b-beijing1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/B-Beijing1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1400,931\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;4.5&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D3S&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1277756489&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;70&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;8000&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00625&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"B-Beijing1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Erika Salazar (Samantha) and Stephen Hu (a john) in Beijing, California, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen. Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/B-Beijing1-1024x681.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-224\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/B-Beijing1.jpg\" alt=\"Erika Salazar (Samantha) and Stephen Hu (a john) in Beijing, California, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen. Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/B-Beijing1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/B-Beijing1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/B-Beijing1-768x511.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/B-Beijing1-1024x681.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-224\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Erika Salazar (Samantha) and Stephen Hu (a john) in <em>Beijing, California<\/em>, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen. Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>My play <em>Wolves<\/em>, for instance, features a man sitting alone in a hospital corridor, listening to his own mind while dreading his wife\u2019s imminent death. The text slides from setting to setting, and forward and backward in time, often in mid-sentence. It relies on innuendo, irony, rhetorical questions, suggestion\u2014and on the actor\u2019s ability to change swiftly from beat to beat, often in mid-thought. As we talk and the director and main actor get clearer about what\u2019s happening, I find ways to tighten the play.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve been fortunate to work with directors who know how to ask the questions necessary to begin rehearsals\u2014they often have no experience in the cultures I\u2019m writing about. For example, my play <em>Hebrew Lessons<\/em> concerns a young, gay Hassidic Jew living in New York and studying to become a cantor. At the end, he chooses to reject the sexual advances of a young gentile man to whom he\u2019s attracted. At first, the director searched the text for a more compelling reason for this than the character\u2019s rejection of his own sexuality. He worried the cantor would come off as a fanatic\u2014certainly a hot button word. This is my own culture, so I could explain why some Jews dedicate their lives to preserving ancient customs. Once we\u2019d worked this out, he could help the play show that orthodoxy is not fanaticism.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Is there a part of the playwriting process that you like least?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I love writing, and every play I\u2019ve written, I\u2019ve written differently, so there is no part I like least.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_227\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-227\" style=\"width: 550px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"227\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/c-beijing1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/C-Beijing1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"550,776\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;4.5&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D3S&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1277757082&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;62&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;8000&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.001&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"C-Beijing1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Clockwise from top left: JanLee Marshall (Sandra), Erika Salazar (Samantha), and Tom Lazur (Robert) in Beijing, California, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen. Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/C-Beijing1.jpg\" class=\"size-full wp-image-227\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/C-Beijing1.jpg\" alt=\"Clockwise from top left: JanLee Marshall (Sandra), Erika Salazar (Samantha), and Tom Lazur (Robert) in Beijing, California, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen. Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson\" width=\"550\" height=\"776\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/C-Beijing1.jpg 550w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/C-Beijing1-213x300.jpg 213w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-227\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Clockwise from top left: JanLee Marshall (Sandra), Erika Salazar (Samantha), and Tom Lazur (Robert) in <em>Beijing, California<\/em>, by Paul Heller, dir. Duy Nguyen. Thick House Theater, San Francisco, CA, prod. Asian American Theater Company, San Francisco. Photo Guy Stilson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>I am most irritated, however, at being urged to change a script about a week before opening because an actor or director thinks it will make things \u201cclearer.\u201d Often they call this a \u201cquick fix,\u201d when actually there just wasn\u2019t enough time for us all to figure everything out. These \u201cfixes\u201d rarely make for better lines, and there\u2019s little time to see how they settle into the actors\u2019 performances. I also write and think slowly, and hate to be rushed, so I end up with lines I\u2019m not sure work.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Are there social issues that contemporary American theatre has failed to address? Is censorship a factor?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Theatres don\u2019t have to address social issues; they can do whatever they want. We live in horrible times, but even so, our theatre isn\u2019t compelled to address these things. The president must, but art isn\u2019t required to. The grants I apply for suggest that artists ought to include a social justice piece to their work, but the results I\u2019ve seen in the U.S. are pretty anemic. I&#8217;m not touched by plays with social messages delivered in traditional forms and in naturalistic language. Because all that reminds me of is T.V. The plays get to their pearly endings even before they begin, and they all end cynically\u2014with agreement, understanding, a truce, or peace. Is that censorship?<\/p>\n<p>However, it\u2019s not hard to find a play that reflects us and tells a story imaginatively and powerfully. For example, the play <em>Incendies<\/em><em>, <\/em>by Canadian\/Lebanese playwright Wajdi Mouawad: I am impressed by its ability to mirror us, to resolve the action, and to leave us tasting bile at the end. We want to vomit, and we never saw it coming.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_163\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-163\" style=\"width: 550px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"163\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/1-wolves1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/1.-Wolves1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"600,800\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1439582308&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;400&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.066666666666667&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"1.-Wolves1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) and Campbell Zeigler (Boy) in Wolves, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/1.-Wolves1.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-163\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/1.-Wolves1.jpg\" alt=\"Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) and Campbell Zeigler (Boy) in Wolves, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller\" width=\"550\" height=\"733\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/1.-Wolves1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/1.-Wolves1-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-163\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) and Campbell Zeigler (Boy) in Wolves, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Social issues we haven\u2019t addressed? I was just in Hawaii. There is a thriving, but subjugated indigenous population living alongside a thriving tourist industry. I\u2019ve never seen a play about this contemporary population in Hawaii or anywhere else. Perhaps they\u2019re written but not performed near me.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Have you ever received a particularly insightful piece of criticism?<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>My <em>Beijing, California<\/em> received a rave review from George Heymont in the <em>Huffington Post<\/em>; the <em>San Francisco Chronicle<\/em> panned it. Heymont\u2019s writing was very helpful, as he knew the subject and demonstrated when the play didn\u2019t fulfill its goals. Invaluable for revision. The <em>Chronicle <\/em>serves as an entertainment filter, letting local readers know if they would be amused by a show, so the comments were of no help.<\/p>\n<p>The helpful \u201ccriticism\u201d I receive is from directors and actors engaged with my work, who let me know why something isn\u2019t working for them.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_190\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-190\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"190\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/2-wolves1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/2.-Wolves1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1400,1050\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;2.2&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;iPhone 6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1439582499&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;4.15&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;320&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.066666666666667&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"2.-Wolves1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) in Wolves, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/2.-Wolves1-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-190\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/2.-Wolves1.jpg\" alt=\"Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) in Wolves, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/2.-Wolves1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/2.-Wolves1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/2.-Wolves1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/2.-Wolves1-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-190\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) in <em>Wolves<\/em>, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>And from my audiences. The protagonist in my play <em>Wolves<\/em> speaks directly to the audience. The play is performed in living rooms, so this creates an intimate, sometimes threatening, and always emotional atmosphere. Audiences want to discuss the play afterwards. They often tell me they wanted to respond to the rhetorical questions the actor asks during the performance. This has taught me that I can put more of these questions into the script\u2014that audiences enjoy being messed with in this way. It\u2019s irresistible.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_195\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-195\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"195\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/3-wolves1\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/3.-Wolves1.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1400,1050\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;3.6&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;COOLPIX S6300&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1439842317&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;6.8&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.125&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"3.-Wolves1\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) in Wolves, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/3.-Wolves1-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"size-large wp-image-195\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/3.-Wolves1.jpg\" alt=\"Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) in Wolves, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/3.-Wolves1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/3.-Wolves1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/3.-Wolves1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/3.-Wolves1-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-195\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wiley Naman Strasser (Peter) in <em>Wolves<\/em>, by Paul Heller; dir. Rem Myers. Lupine Productions, San Francisco. Living room, Oakland, CA. August 2015. Photo P. Heller<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr \/>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"245\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/international-and-in-home-theatre-new-audiences-new-spaces\/lissa-renaudheadshotcs12\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Lissa-RenaudHeadshotCS12.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"253,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Lissa-RenaudHeadshotCS12\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Lissa-RenaudHeadshotCS12.jpg\" class=\"alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-245\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Lissa-RenaudHeadshotCS12.jpg\" alt=\"Lissa-RenaudHeadshotCS12\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Lissa-RenaudHeadshotCS12-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Lissa-RenaudHeadshotCS12-230x230.jpg 230w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><a name=\"end1\"><\/a>*Lissa Tyler Renaud<\/strong> (M.A. Directing; Ph.D. Theatre History\/Criticism) is director of InterArts Training (1985- ). She has been visiting professor, master teacher, speaker and recitalist throughout the U.S. and Asia, and in England, Russia, Mexico, and Sweden. See her invited chapter in <em>The Routledge Companion to Stanislavsky<\/em>, 2013. Renaud was co-editor of <em>The Politics of American Actor Training<\/em> (Routledge 2009\/2011); under Yun-Cheol Kim, she was founding editor of <em>Critical Stages<\/em>, 2007-2014. Renaud is senior editor for the Wuzhen Theatre Festival, China, and a longtime Senior Writer for<em> Scene4<\/em> international magazine of cultural arts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 14px;\">Copyright <strong>\u00a9<\/strong> 2015 Lissa Tyler Renaud<br \/>\n<em>Critical Stages\/Sc\u00e8nes critiques<\/em> e-ISSN: 2409-7411<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/88x31.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"88\" height=\"31\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 14px;\">This work is licensed under the<br \/>\nCreative Commons Attribution International License CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Interview with Paul Heller by Lissa Tyler Renaud* Clearly, the dictum \u201cwrite what you know\u201d has made no impression on San Francisco playwright Paul Heller. He seems to be magnetized by everything unfamiliar. He writes plays about cultures he doesn\u2019t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":237,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interviews","","tg-column-two"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/HELLER2.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9xLnm-1g","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=78"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1037,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions\/1037"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/237"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=78"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=78"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.critical-stages.org\/12\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=78"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}